Difference between revisions of "Charles François Adrien le Paulmier, le Chevalier d’Annemours"
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| − | '''Charles François Adrien le Paulmier d’Annemours''' (1742- 1821) served as French Consul General at Baltimore from 1779 to 1793 and | + | '''Charles François Adrien le Paulmier d’Annemours''' (1742- 1821) served as French Consul General at Baltimore from 1779 to 1793. He developed formal gardens at his homes in Baltimore and in Louisiana. |
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Le Palmier d’Annemours left his native Normandy for Martinique at the age of twelve and thereafter divided his time between France, England, the West Indies, and America, where he established a number of business ventures in Philadelphia and made influential connections. <ref> Anne Mézin, Les Consuls de France Au Siècle Des Lumières (1715-1792) (Ministère des affaires étrangères. Direction des archives et de la documentation, 1998), 398-99, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/NB8JAM6E view on Zotero]; “Notice Sur Le Chevalier Charles Francçois-Adrien le Paulmier d’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine,’’ 5 (1910), 38-39, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/WGFETCIP view on Zotero]; Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 241, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]. </ref> Between 1773 and 1776, while resident in France, he wrote four memoirs on the subject of the American colonies. <ref> Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier Palmier d’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 242, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]. </ref> Returning to America in 1777, he represented France in various official capacities, including Consul General at Baltimore for the five southern states of Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, and North and South Carolina. <ref> Peter B. Hill, French Perceptions of the Early American Republic, 1783-1793 , Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988), 180: 6, 18, 49, 83, 90-91, 142, 168, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/H6EI2DMT view on Zotero]; “Notice sur Le Chevalier Charles François-Adrien Le Paulmier d’Annemours,” 39-43 , [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]; Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 243-44, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]; Francis Wharton, ‘’The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States’’ (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1889), 5: 396, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/T627JHU8 view on Zotero]. </ref> | Le Palmier d’Annemours left his native Normandy for Martinique at the age of twelve and thereafter divided his time between France, England, the West Indies, and America, where he established a number of business ventures in Philadelphia and made influential connections. <ref> Anne Mézin, Les Consuls de France Au Siècle Des Lumières (1715-1792) (Ministère des affaires étrangères. Direction des archives et de la documentation, 1998), 398-99, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/NB8JAM6E view on Zotero]; “Notice Sur Le Chevalier Charles Francçois-Adrien le Paulmier d’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine,’’ 5 (1910), 38-39, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/WGFETCIP view on Zotero]; Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 241, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]. </ref> Between 1773 and 1776, while resident in France, he wrote four memoirs on the subject of the American colonies. <ref> Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier Palmier d’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 242, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]. </ref> Returning to America in 1777, he represented France in various official capacities, including Consul General at Baltimore for the five southern states of Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, and North and South Carolina. <ref> Peter B. Hill, French Perceptions of the Early American Republic, 1783-1793 , Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988), 180: 6, 18, 49, 83, 90-91, 142, 168, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/H6EI2DMT view on Zotero]; “Notice sur Le Chevalier Charles François-Adrien Le Paulmier d’Annemours,” 39-43 , [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]; Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 243-44, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]; Francis Wharton, ‘’The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States’’ (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1889), 5: 396, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/T627JHU8 view on Zotero]. </ref> | ||
| − | In 1792 he marked the 300th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the New World by erecting a monument in honor of the explorer at Belmont, his 50-acre estate just outside of Baltimore. The monument was in the form of an [[obelisk]], over 44 feet high, erected on an artificial [[mound]] surrounded by a grove of cedars. <ref> William Elleroy Curtis, ‘’Christopher Columbus: His Portraits and His Monuments: A Descriptive Catalogue’’, Part 2 (Chicago: The W. H. Lowdermilk Co., 1893), 43-44, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/DITSX5KX view on Zotero] see also Herbert Adams and Henry Wood, ‘’Columbus and His Discovery of America’’, Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, Tenth Series, vols. 10 and 11 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1892), 30-35, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ZQK7G8QE view on Zotero] . </ref> Le Palmier d’Annemours retired from service when the Baltimore consulate was closed in 1793, but preferred to remain in America rather than return to France. <ref> “Notice sur Le Chevalier Charles François-Adrien Le Paulmier d’Annemours,” 43-45, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]; Thompson, 1906, 246, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]. </ref>In 1796 | + | In 1792 he marked the 300th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the New World by erecting a monument in honor of the explorer at [[Belmont]], his 50-acre estate just outside of Baltimore. The monument was in the form of an [[obelisk]], over 44 feet high, erected on an artificial [[mound]] surrounded by a grove of cedars. <ref> William Elleroy Curtis, ‘’Christopher Columbus: His Portraits and His Monuments: A Descriptive Catalogue’’, Part 2 (Chicago: The W. H. Lowdermilk Co., 1893), 43-44, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/DITSX5KX view on Zotero] see also Herbert Adams and Henry Wood, ‘’Columbus and His Discovery of America’’, Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, Tenth Series, vols. 10 and 11 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1892), 30-35, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ZQK7G8QE view on Zotero] . </ref> Le Palmier d’Annemours retired from service when the Baltimore consulate was closed in 1793, but preferred to remain in America rather than return to France. <ref> “Notice sur Le Chevalier Charles François-Adrien Le Paulmier d’Annemours,” 43-45, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]; Thompson, 1906, 246, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/ATM2VZQX view on Zotero]. </ref>In 1796 he purchased a [[plantation]] in the District of Ouachita in Spanish Louisiana, where he built a house and laid out formal English gardens. <ref> Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier le Chevailier d’Annemours, ‘’Memoirs by Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier Le Chevalier D’Annemours,’’ ed. Wendy Bradley Richter, trans. Samuel Dorris Dickinson (Arkadelphia, Ark. : Clark County Historical Association : Institute for Regional Studies, Ouachita Baptist University, 1994), ____ [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/B9P2PNRN view on Zotero]; George Sabo III, “Review of Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier: Le Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’The Arkansas Historical Quarterly‘’, 54 (1995): 221, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/6PJ8N7P5 view on Zotero]. </ref> Letters he wrote between 1796 and 1798 and a subsequent memoir of 1803 detail his efforts to promote agricultural development in the colony. <ref> Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier, chevalier d’Annemours “Memoir of Le Paulmier d’Annemours, Former Consul General of France in America, about the Ouachita District,” April 21,1803, Pierre Clément de Laussat Papers, MSS 125, Box 4, Folder 148, Williams Research Center, The Historic New Orleans Collection, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/H4CBTVKK view on Zotero]. </ref> |
--''Robyn Asleson'' | --''Robyn Asleson'' | ||
Revision as of 22:42, March 5, 2015
Charles François Adrien le Paulmier d’Annemours (1742- 1821) served as French Consul General at Baltimore from 1779 to 1793. He developed formal gardens at his homes in Baltimore and in Louisiana.
History
Le Palmier d’Annemours left his native Normandy for Martinique at the age of twelve and thereafter divided his time between France, England, the West Indies, and America, where he established a number of business ventures in Philadelphia and made influential connections. [1] Between 1773 and 1776, while resident in France, he wrote four memoirs on the subject of the American colonies. [2] Returning to America in 1777, he represented France in various official capacities, including Consul General at Baltimore for the five southern states of Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, and North and South Carolina. [3] In 1792 he marked the 300th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the New World by erecting a monument in honor of the explorer at Belmont, his 50-acre estate just outside of Baltimore. The monument was in the form of an obelisk, over 44 feet high, erected on an artificial mound surrounded by a grove of cedars. [4] Le Palmier d’Annemours retired from service when the Baltimore consulate was closed in 1793, but preferred to remain in America rather than return to France. [5]In 1796 he purchased a plantation in the District of Ouachita in Spanish Louisiana, where he built a house and laid out formal English gardens. [6] Letters he wrote between 1796 and 1798 and a subsequent memoir of 1803 detail his efforts to promote agricultural development in the colony. [7]
--Robyn Asleson
Texts
References
Notes
- ↑ Anne Mézin, Les Consuls de France Au Siècle Des Lumières (1715-1792) (Ministère des affaires étrangères. Direction des archives et de la documentation, 1998), 398-99, view on Zotero; “Notice Sur Le Chevalier Charles Francçois-Adrien le Paulmier d’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine,’’ 5 (1910), 38-39, view on Zotero; Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 241, view on Zotero.
- ↑ Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier Palmier d’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 242, view on Zotero.
- ↑ Peter B. Hill, French Perceptions of the Early American Republic, 1783-1793 , Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988), 180: 6, 18, 49, 83, 90-91, 142, 168, view on Zotero; “Notice sur Le Chevalier Charles François-Adrien Le Paulmier d’Annemours,” 39-43 , view on Zotero; Henry F. Thompson, “The Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’Maryland Historical Magazine’’, 1 (1906): 243-44, view on Zotero; Francis Wharton, ‘’The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States’’ (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1889), 5: 396, view on Zotero.
- ↑ William Elleroy Curtis, ‘’Christopher Columbus: His Portraits and His Monuments: A Descriptive Catalogue’’, Part 2 (Chicago: The W. H. Lowdermilk Co., 1893), 43-44, view on Zotero see also Herbert Adams and Henry Wood, ‘’Columbus and His Discovery of America’’, Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, Tenth Series, vols. 10 and 11 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1892), 30-35, view on Zotero .
- ↑ “Notice sur Le Chevalier Charles François-Adrien Le Paulmier d’Annemours,” 43-45, view on Zotero; Thompson, 1906, 246, view on Zotero.
- ↑ Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier le Chevailier d’Annemours, ‘’Memoirs by Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier Le Chevalier D’Annemours,’’ ed. Wendy Bradley Richter, trans. Samuel Dorris Dickinson (Arkadelphia, Ark. : Clark County Historical Association : Institute for Regional Studies, Ouachita Baptist University, 1994), ____ view on Zotero; George Sabo III, “Review of Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier: Le Chevalier D’Annemours,” ‘’The Arkansas Historical Quarterly‘’, 54 (1995): 221, view on Zotero.
- ↑ Charles François Adrien Le Paulmier, chevalier d’Annemours “Memoir of Le Paulmier d’Annemours, Former Consul General of France in America, about the Ouachita District,” April 21,1803, Pierre Clément de Laussat Papers, MSS 125, Box 4, Folder 148, Williams Research Center, The Historic New Orleans Collection, view on Zotero.
