Parmentier’s Horticultural and Botanical Garden - Revision history

M-westerby at 21:03, August 25, 2021

2021-08-25T21:03:33Z

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2021-04-08T09:39:44Z

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A-Whitlock at 17:29, April 7, 2021

2021-04-07T17:29:53Z

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2021-04-07T15:59:44Z

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V-Federici at 18:46, January 19, 2021

2021-01-19T18:46:58Z

V-Federici at 08:54, January 12, 2021

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V-Federici at 08:53, January 12, 2021

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V-Federici at 08:52, January 12, 2021

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2020-12-20T15:36:05Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 21:03, August 25, 2021
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		+	{{Place
		+	\|Alternate names=Parmentier’s Horticultural and Botanic Garden; Horticultural Botanic Garden; Horticultural Garden; Parmentier’s Garden
		+	\|Established Present=No
		+	\|Established Date=1825
		+	\|Established Circa=No
		+	\|Established Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|Established Questionable=No
		+	\|Established HasEndDate=No
		+	\|Established Present End=No
		+	\|Established Circa End=No
		+	\|Established Questionable End=No
		+	\|Through Present=No
		+	\|Through Date=1833
		+	\|Through Circa=No
		+	\|Through Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|Through Questionable=No
		+	\|Through HasEndDate=No
		+	\|Through Present End=No
		+	\|Through Circa End=No
		+	\|Through Questionable End=No
		+	\|Location=Brooklyn, NY, on the site of what is now the Brooklyn Academy of Music
		+	\|Coordinates=40.68649, -73.97984
		+	\|Geolocation link=coordinates
		+	\|Condition=Demolished
		+	\|Keywords=Arbor; Avenue; Botanic garden; Bridge; Chinese manner; Dutch style; Fence; Greenhouse; Hedge; Hermitage; Hothouse; Landscape gardening; Modern style/Natural style; Nursery; Orchard; Pavilion; Picturesque; Pot; Rustic style; Shrubbery; Temple; View/Vista; Walk; Wall
		+	\|Site owners={{Site owner
		+	\|Name=André Joseph Ghislain Parmentier
		+	\|Owned Present=No
		+	\|Owned Date=1780
		+	\|Owned Circa=No
		+	\|Owned Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|Owned Questionable=No
		+	\|Owned HasEndDate=Yes
		+	\|Owned Present End=No
		+	\|Owned Date End=1830
		+	\|Owned Circa End=No
		+	\|Owned Concurrence End=Exact
		+	\|Owned Questionable End=No
		+	}}{{Site owner
		+	\|Name=Sylvie Parmentier
		+	\|Owned Present=No
		+	\|Owned Date=1793
		+	\|Owned Circa=No
		+	\|Owned Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|Owned Questionable=No
		+	\|Owned HasEndDate=Yes
		+	\|Owned Present End=No
		+	\|Owned Date End=1882
		+	\|Owned Circa End=No
		+	\|Owned Concurrence End=Exact
		+	\|Owned Questionable End=No
		+	}}
		+	\|Associated people={{Associated person
		+	\|Name=Grant Thorburn
		+	\|From Present=No
		+	\|From Date=1773
		+	\|From Circa=No
		+	\|From Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|From Questionable=No
		+	\|From HasEndDate=No
		+	\|From Present End=No
		+	\|From Circa End=No
		+	\|From Questionable End=No
		+	\|End Present=No
		+	\|End Date=1863
		+	\|End Circa=No
		+	\|End Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|End Questionable=No
		+	\|End HasEndDate=No
		+	\|End Present End=No
		+	\|End Circa End=No
		+	\|End Questionable End=No
		+	}}{{Associated person
		+	\|Name=George Fuller
		+	\|From Present=No
		+	\|From Circa=No
		+	\|From Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|From Questionable=No
		+	\|From HasEndDate=No
		+	\|From Present End=No
		+	\|From Circa End=No
		+	\|From Questionable End=No
		+	\|End Present=No
		+	\|End Circa=No
		+	\|End Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|End Questionable=No
		+	\|End HasEndDate=No
		+	\|End Present End=No
		+	\|End Circa End=No
		+	\|End Questionable End=No
		+	}}{{Associated person
		+	\|Name=Owen Redden
		+	\|From Present=No
		+	\|From Circa=No
		+	\|From Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|From Questionable=No
		+	\|From HasEndDate=No
		+	\|From Present End=No
		+	\|From Circa End=No
		+	\|From Questionable End=No
		+	\|End Present=No
		+	\|End Circa=No
		+	\|End Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|End Questionable=No
		+	\|End HasEndDate=No
		+	\|End Present End=No
		+	\|End Circa End=No
		+	\|End Questionable End=No
		+	}}{{Associated person
		+	\|Name=Dr. Adrian Vanderveer
		+	\|From Present=No
		+	\|From Date=1796
		+	\|From Circa=No
		+	\|From Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|From Questionable=No
		+	\|From HasEndDate=No
		+	\|From Present End=No
		+	\|From Circa End=No
		+	\|From Questionable End=No
		+	\|End Present=No
		+	\|End Date=1857
		+	\|End Circa=No
		+	\|End Concurrence=Exact
		+	\|End Questionable=No
		+	\|End HasEndDate=No
		+	\|End Present End=No
		+	\|End Circa End=No
		+	\|End Questionable End=No
		+	}}
		+	}}
	'''Parmentier’s Horticultural and Botanical Garden''' was a nursery founded in 1825 by the Belgian-born horticulturist, [[André Parmentier]], who immigrated with his family to Brooklyn in May 1824. Clearly, [[André Parmentier\|Parmentier]] had designs of creating a nursery in the United States even before departing Belgium: in the notice of his election to the New-York Horticultural Society in June 1824, he is described as having brought with him “an extensive collection of fruit trees, rare plants, and seeds.”<ref>“Horticultural Memoranda,” ''New-York American'' (June 28, 1824), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/XQW7ZAR4/q/horticultural%20memoranda view on Zotero].</ref> He was recognized almost immediately in the horticultural press for introducing several rose species into this country.<ref>“Mr. Parmentier’s Garden,” ''New-York Evening Post'' (May 19, 1827), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/XT8G5JP2 view on Zotero].</ref>		'''Parmentier’s Horticultural and Botanical Garden''' was a nursery founded in 1825 by the Belgian-born horticulturist, [[André Parmentier]], who immigrated with his family to Brooklyn in May 1824. Clearly, [[André Parmentier\|Parmentier]] had designs of creating a nursery in the United States even before departing Belgium: in the notice of his election to the New-York Horticultural Society in June 1824, he is described as having brought with him “an extensive collection of fruit trees, rare plants, and seeds.”<ref>“Horticultural Memoranda,” ''New-York American'' (June 28, 1824), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/XQW7ZAR4/q/horticultural%20memoranda view on Zotero].</ref> He was recognized almost immediately in the horticultural press for introducing several rose species into this country.<ref>“Mr. Parmentier’s Garden,” ''New-York Evening Post'' (May 19, 1827), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/XT8G5JP2 view on Zotero].</ref>
−
−	~~==Overview==~~
−	~~'''Alternate Names:''' Parmentier’s Horticultural and Botanic Garden; Horticultural Botanic Garden; Horticultural Garden; Parmentier’s Garden<br/>~~
−	~~'''Site Dates:''' 1825–1833<br/>~~
−	~~'''Site Owner(s)''': André Joseph Ghislain Parmentier (1780–1830); Sylvie Parmentier (1793–1882)<br/>~~
−	~~'''Associated People:''' Grant Thorburn (1773–1863), agent; George Fuller (d. 1830), laborer; Owen Redden (dates unknown), laborer; Dr. Adrian Vanderveer (1796–1857)<br/>~~
−	~~'''Location:''' Brooklyn, NY, on the site of what is now the Brooklyn Academy of Music<br/>~~
−	~~'''Condition:''' demolished<br/>~~
−	[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Brooklyn+Academy+of+Music/@40.6864925,-73.9798375,17z/data=!3m2!4b1!5s0x89c25bb2230c6207:0x66b41367ae2f3e10!4m5!3m4!1s0x89c25bb222ef61bd:0x93b2b536d094bf28!8m2!3d40.6864885!4d-73.9776488 View on Google maps]

	<hr>		<hr>

@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 File:0417.jpg|Anonymous, “[[Rustic_style|Rustic]] prospect-arbor,” in A. J. Downing, ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 460, fig. 87.
 File:2225_detail.jpg|William Hooker, ''Hooker’s map of the village of Brooklyn in the year 1827'' [detail], 1861.
 </gallery>

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:29, April 7, 2021
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	File:0417.jpg\|Anonymous, “[[Rustic_style\|Rustic]] prospect-arbor,” in A. J. Downing, ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 460, fig. 87.		File:0417.jpg\|Anonymous, “[[Rustic_style\|Rustic]] prospect-arbor,” in A. J. Downing, ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 460, fig. 87.
		+
		+	File:2225_detail.jpg\|William Hooker, ''Hooker’s map of the village of Brooklyn in the year 1827'' [detail], 1861.

	File:2225.jpg\|William Hooker, ''Hooker’s map of the village of Brooklyn in the year 1827'', 1861.		File:2225.jpg\|William Hooker, ''Hooker’s map of the village of Brooklyn in the year 1827'', 1861.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:59, April 7, 2021
Line 112:		Line 112:

	File:0417.jpg\|Anonymous, “[[Rustic_style\|Rustic]] prospect-arbor,” in A. J. Downing, ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 460, fig. 87.		File:0417.jpg\|Anonymous, “[[Rustic_style\|Rustic]] prospect-arbor,” in A. J. Downing, ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 460, fig. 87.
		+
		+	File:2225.jpg\|William Hooker, ''Hooker’s map of the village of Brooklyn in the year 1827'', 1861.
		+
	</gallery>		</gallery>

@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 In about 1828 [[André Parmentier|Parmentier]] published a broadside of his Horticultural and Botanical Garden featuring a map of the grounds, offering a most detailed view of the layout and design of his [[nursery]] [Fig. 2]. The vineyards and rose [[shrubbery|shrubs]] were enclosed by meandering [[walk]]s that led to the “[[rustic style|Rustic]] [[arbor|Arbour]]” and “French Saloon” at the east corner of the [[plot]] (situated at the upper left on the map), and straight [[alley]]s, lined with fruit trees, divided his [[orchard]]s. Along the eastern edge of the nursery, abutting the Jamaica Turnpike, was a small cluster of buildings that included the barn, [[greenhouse]]s, tool and work houses, as well as the Parmentier family’s home and living quarters for laborers; adjacent to these buildings were hot [[bed]]s and an herbaceous plant garden.<ref>The close quarters may have led to a dispute in July 1830, when one of his laborers beat another with a garden hoe. Newspaper reports are mute on what precipitated the attack but noted that the victim, George Fuller, died shortly thereafter. His attacker, Owen Redden, was tried for murder but eventually acquitted by reason of insanity. See “Outrage,” ''New-York Morning Herald'' (July 9, 1830), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/SZ2JVFV8 view on Zotero], and “Oyer and Terminer,” ''American'' (June 17, 1831), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/VCM3W7RT view on Zotero].</ref>The broadside is likely the document Parmentier sent to the Société d’Horticulture de Paris in 1829, and it was later reprinted, with some alterations, in the February 1832 issue of ''Gardener’s Magazine, and Register of Rural and Domestic Improvement''.<ref>The editor of the ''Annales de la Société d’Horticulture de Paris'' noted that Parmentier sent a map of his nursery, along with a letter on the propagation of fruit trees in America; see “Sur les Arbres fruitiers d’Amérique,” ''Annales de la Société d’Horticulture de Paris'' 4 (1829): 352, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/WRFUH5XB view on Zotero]. For the 1832 reprint of the map, see ''Gardener's Magazine'' (February 1832): 71, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/69KZ93MG/q/foreign%20notices view on Zotero].</ref>
-[[File:2227.jpg|thumb|left|Fig. 3, Anonymous, Map of Parmentier's Garden, c. 1833.]]
+[[File:2227.jpg|thumb|left|Fig. 3, Prosper Desobry, ''Map of Parmentier's Garden, Brooklyn, to be sold at auction on Wednesday, Novr. 13th, 1833, at 12 o'clock at the Merchant's Exchange by Pine & Van Antwerp, 1833''.]]
 The article that accompanied the 1832 publication of the map was intended to aid in the sale of the Horticultural and Botanical Garden. [[André Parmentier|Parmentier]] had died in November 1830 after a prolonged illness, and his widow, Sylvie, endeavored to maintain the property following his death under increasingly difficult circumstances. In March 1831 parts of the property, including a barn and outhouses, were destroyed by arson, and in September of that year the Parmentiers’ son Léon died at the age 12.<ref>For information on the fire at Parmentier’s Horticultural and Botanical Garden, see ''American'' (March 17, 1831), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/TNER2ST7 view on Zotero], and for the death notice of Léon Ghislain Leopold Parmentier, see ''American'' (September 20, 1831), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/R2NERJC5 view on Zotero].</ref> Sylvie Parmentier subsequently put the nursery up for sale in November 1831. Finding no immediate buyers, she continued to oversee the garden until November 1833, when she sold it to Dr. Adrian Vanderveer of nearby Flatbush. Vanderveer paid $53,000 for the garden, which he divided into lots and sold them at auction for nearly $70,000.<ref>Some papers cite the original sale price as $57,000; see “Price of Farms,” ''New-York American'' (November 22, 1833), p. 4, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/ZB28JDE7 view on Zotero]. For additional details of the sale and subsequent auction, see “Parmentier’s Garden,” ''New-York Evening Post'' (October 23, 1833), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/CSXXMK56/q/parmentier's%20garden view on Zotero], “All in the Wrong,” ''Commercial Advertiser'' (November 9, 1833), p. 3, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/4AV8M7X3 view on Zotero], and ''New-York American'' (November 19, 1833), p. 4, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/CQZTHBC6 view on Zotero].</ref>
@@ Line 109: / Line 109: @@
 File:0064.jpg|Anonymous, ''Map of Mr. Andrew Parmentier’s Horticultural & Botanic Garden, at Brooklyn, Long Island, Two Miles From the City of New York'', c. 1828.
-File:2227.jpg|Anonymous, Map of Parmentier's Garden, c. 1833.
+File:2227.jpg|Prosper Desobry, ''Map of Parmentier's Garden, Brooklyn, to be sold at auction on Wednesday, Novr. 13th, 1833, at 12 o'clock at the Merchant's Exchange by Pine & Van Antwerp, 1833.''
 File:0417.jpg|Anonymous, “[[Rustic_style|Rustic]] prospect-arbor,” in A. J. Downing, ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 460, fig. 87.

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 [[File:0064.jpg|thumb|Fig. 2, Anonymous, ''Map of Mr. Andrew Parmentier’s Horticultural & Botanic Garden, at Brooklyn, Long Island, Two Miles From the City of New York'', c. 1828.]]
-[[File:2227.jpg|Fig. 3, Anonymous, Map of Parmenter's Garden, c. 1833]]
+[[File:2227.jpg|thumb|left|Fig. 3, Anonymous, Map of Parmenter's Garden, c. 1833]]
 In about 1828 [[André Parmentier|Parmentier]] published a broadside of his Horticultural and Botanical Garden featuring a map of the grounds, offering a most detailed view of the layout and design of his [[nursery]] [Fig. 2]. The vineyards and rose [[shrubbery|shrubs]] were enclosed by meandering [[walk]]s that led to the “[[rustic style|Rustic]] [[arbor|Arbour]]” and “French Saloon” at the east corner of the [[plot]] (situated at the upper left on the map), and straight [[alley]]s, lined with fruit trees, divided his [[orchard]]s. Along the eastern edge of the nursery, abutting the Jamaica Turnpike, was a small cluster of buildings that included the barn, [[greenhouse]]s, tool and work houses, as well as the Parmentier family’s home and living quarters for laborers; adjacent to these buildings were hot [[bed]]s and an herbaceous plant garden.<ref>The close quarters may have led to a dispute in July 1830, when one of his laborers beat another with a garden hoe. Newspaper reports are mute on what precipitated the attack but noted that the victim, George Fuller, died shortly thereafter. His attacker, Owen Redden, was tried for murder but eventually acquitted by reason of insanity. See “Outrage,” ''New-York Morning Herald'' (July 9, 1830), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/SZ2JVFV8 view on Zotero], and “Oyer and Terminer,” ''American'' (June 17, 1831), p. 2, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/VCM3W7RT view on Zotero].</ref>The broadside is likely the document Parmentier sent to the Société d’Horticulture de Paris in 1829, and it was later reprinted, with some alterations, in the February 1832 issue of ''Gardener’s Magazine, and Register of Rural and Domestic Improvement''.<ref>The editor of the ''Annales de la Société d’Horticulture de Paris'' noted that Parmentier sent a map of his nursery, along with a letter on the propagation of fruit trees in America; see “Sur les Arbres fruitiers d’Amérique,” ''Annales de la Société d’Horticulture de Paris'' 4 (1829): 352, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/WRFUH5XB view on Zotero]. For the 1832 reprint of the map, see ''Gardener's Magazine'' (February 1832): 71, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/keywords_in_early_american_landscape_design/items/itemKey/69KZ93MG/q/foreign%20notices view on Zotero].</ref>

@@ Line 114: / Line 114: @@
 ==Other Resources==
-[http://www.brooklynhistory.org/blog/2012/02/24/brooklyns-secret-garden/ Brooklyn Historical Society]
+[https://www.brooklynhistory.org/blog/brooklyns-secret-garden/ Brooklyn Historical Society]
 <hr>