Flower garden - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 13:30, April 12, 2021
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	File:0393.jpg\|Anonymous, “[[English style\|English]] '''Flower-Garden''',” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 434, fig. 78.		File:0393.jpg\|Anonymous, “[[English style\|English]] '''Flower-Garden''',” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 434, fig. 78.
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		+	File:2297.jpg\|Matthew Vassar, ''Plan of Springside'', 1851. "'''Flower''' and [[Kitchen_garden\|Kitchen '''Garden''']] (25)."

	File:0333.jpg\|G. & F. Bill (firm), ''Birds eye [[view]] of [[Mount Vernon\|Mt. Vernon]] the home of Washington'', c. 1859. "12. '''Flower Garden'''."		File:0333.jpg\|G. & F. Bill (firm), ''Birds eye [[view]] of [[Mount Vernon\|Mt. Vernon]] the home of Washington'', c. 1859. "12. '''Flower Garden'''."

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, April 5, 2021
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	File:0007.jpg\|Charles H. Wolf, attr., ''Pennsylvania Farmstead with Many [[Fence]]s'', c. 1847. A flower garden can be seen in the center of the image between the two buildings.		File:0007.jpg\|Charles H. Wolf, attr., ''Pennsylvania Farmstead with Many [[Fence]]s'', c. 1847. A flower garden can be seen in the center of the image between the two buildings.
−
−	~~File:1525.jpg\|Anonymous, "An Anglo-Italian Villa," ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 2, No. 12 (June 1848), pl. opp. 554.~~

	File:0708.jpg\|Maximilian Grunert, ''Boys’ School Garden'', September 4, 1850.		File:0708.jpg\|Maximilian Grunert, ''Boys’ School Garden'', September 4, 1850.

@@ Line 439: / Line 439: @@
 File:0007.jpg|Charles H. Wolf, attr., ''Pennsylvania Farmstead with Many [[Fence]]s'', c. 1847. A flower garden can be seen in the center of the image between the two buildings.
-File;1525.jpg|Anonymous, "An Anglo-Italian Villa," ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 2, No. 12 (June 1848), pl. opp. 554.
+File:1525.jpg|Anonymous, "An Anglo-Italian Villa," ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 2, No. 12 (June 1848), pl. opp. 554.
 File:0708.jpg|Maximilian Grunert, ''Boys’ School Garden'', September 4, 1850.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:18, April 1, 2021
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	File:0007.jpg\|Charles H. Wolf, attr., ''Pennsylvania Farmstead with Many [[Fence]]s'', c. 1847. A flower garden can be seen in the center of the image between the two buildings.		File:0007.jpg\|Charles H. Wolf, attr., ''Pennsylvania Farmstead with Many [[Fence]]s'', c. 1847. A flower garden can be seen in the center of the image between the two buildings.
		+
		+	File;1525.jpg\|Anonymous, "An Anglo-Italian Villa," ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 2, No. 12 (June 1848), pl. opp. 554.

	File:0708.jpg\|Maximilian Grunert, ''Boys’ School Garden'', September 4, 1850.		File:0708.jpg\|Maximilian Grunert, ''Boys’ School Garden'', September 4, 1850.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:04, April 1, 2021
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	File:1039.jpg\|Anonymous, The '''Flower-Garden''', in Joseph Breck, ''The '''Flower-Garden''': or, Breck’s Book of Flowers'' (1841), frontispiece.		File:1039.jpg\|Anonymous, The '''Flower-Garden''', in Joseph Breck, ''The '''Flower-Garden''': or, Breck’s Book of Flowers'' (1841), frontispiece.
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		+	File:1622.jpg\|Anonymous, Gardens and Grounds of a Cottage Residence, ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 7. No. 5 (May 1, 1852), 233, fig. 102.
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	</gallery>		</gallery>

@@ Line 380: / Line 380: @@
 File:1097.jpg|Thomas S. Sinclair, “Plan of the [[Pleasure ground/Pleasure garden|Pleasure Grounds]] and Farm of the [[Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane]] at Philadelphia,” in Thomas S. Kirkbride, ''American Journal of Insanity'' 4, no. 4 (April 1848): pl. opp. 280.
-File:0378.jpg|Anonymous, “Plan of a Suburban Villa Residence,” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 118, fig. 26. "flower-garden, ''f''."
+File:0378.jpg|Anonymous, “Plan of a Suburban Villa Residence,” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 118, fig. 26. "'''flower-garden''', ''f''."
 File:0391.jpg|Anonymous, “The Irregular '''Flower-garden''',” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'', 4th ed. (1849), 428, fig. 76.

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 The meaning of the term flower garden remained relatively unchanged between 1650 and 1850, and the placement of the flower garden within a designed landscape, as well as the plants and their arrangement contained therein, helped distinguish it from other garden features. Although flowers might appear in [[kitchen garden]]s, the kitchen garden carried connotations of utility while the flower garden signified ornament and pleasure. Moreover, the flower garden required specialized care and expertise, as implied by Charles Carroll (of Annapolis) in his 1775 query about the training of a potential gardener.
-[[File:0048.jpg|thumb|left|Fig. 1, John Nancarrow, ''Plan of the [[Seat]] of John Penn jun’r: Esqr: in Blockley Township and County of Philadelphia,'' c. 1785. The flower garden, “g,” is located at some distance from the main house.]]
+[[File:0048.jpg|thumb|left|Fig. 1, John Nancarrow, "Plan of the [[Seat]] of John Penn jun’r: Esqr: in Blockley Township and County of Philadelphia," c. 1785. The flower garden, “g,” is located at some distance from the main house.]]
 The siting of the flower garden distinguished it from the [[kitchen garden]] and [[orchard]], which, as mainly utilitarian features, were often situated beyond the [[view]] of the main house. Flower gardens, in keeping with their ornamental function, were often placed in relative proximity to the most prestigious rooms of the house. In this location they could be viewed from the house and could act as adjuncts to reception and entertaining rooms. Some 18th-century British treatise writers stated that the flower garden should be situated at the “back-front” of the house, meaning the area adjacent to the rear of the house and often just below the [[terrace]]. Such a location also provided a degree of shelter conducive to nurturing plants.
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 File:0056.jpg|[[John Bartram|John]] or [[William Bartram]], "A Draught of John Bartram’s House and Garden as it appears from the River", 1758. “New '''flower garden'''” upper left quadrant of the garden.
-File:0048.jpg| John Nancarrow, ''Plan of the [[Seat]] of John Penn jun’r: Esqr: in Blockley Township and County of Philadelphia,'' c. 1785. The '''flower garden''', “g,” is located at some distance from the main house.
+File:0048.jpg| John Nancarrow, "Plan of the [[Seat]] of John Penn jun’r: Esqr: in Blockley Township and County of Philadelphia," c. 1785. The '''flower garden''', “g,” is located at some distance from the main house.
 File:1346.jpg|[[J. C. Loudon]], Plan of a '''flower garden''' with irregular [[border]]s, in ''An Encyclopædia of Gardening'', 4th ed. (1826), 791, fig. 540. The '''flower garden''' is indicated at ''a''.

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 Flower gardens also could be placed at some distance from the house. Batty Langley (1728), for example, advised situating the flower garden within a [[wilderness]]. At the [[seat]] of John Penn, near Philadelphia, the flower garden was located in a wooded area away from the mansion [Fig. 1]. This placement of the flower garden distinguished it from the [[parterre]], which, typically in the British and European context, was placed adjacent to the house. The 18th-century [[parterre]] used common plants, whereas the 18th-century flower garden was often devoted to exotic, unusual, or rare plants; hence [[Benjamin Henry Latrobe]] (1796) expressed disappointment in the flower garden at [[Mount Vernon]] because it contained “nothing very rare.” This “neat” layout arranged with precision met with [[Benjamin Henry Latrobe|Latrobe’s]] sarcasm as he described a [[parterre]] as “the expiring groans I hope of our Grandfather’s pedantry.” A sketch of [[John Bartram|John Bartram's]] famous garden depicts the botanist’s care and interest in “new flowers,” which were separated from the “common flower garden” [Fig. 2].
-[[File:0056.jpg|thumb|right|Fig. 2, [[John Bartram|John]] or [[William Bartram]], ''A Draught of John Bartram’s House and Garden as it appears from the River'', 1758. “New flower garden” upper left quadrant of the garden.]]
+[[File:0056.jpg|thumb|right|Fig. 2,[[John Bartram|John]] or [[William Bartram]], "A Draught of [[Bartram_Botanic_Garden_and_Nursery|John Bartram’s House and Garden]] as it appears from the River", 1758. “New flower garden” upper left quadrant of the garden.]]
 In England, long narrow [[bed]]s were associated with florists’ gardens, which were devoted to the cultivation of rare or “choice” flowers, also known as “florists’ flowers.” [[Bernard M’Mahon|Bernard M'Mahon's]] prescription in 1806 for a flower garden composed of narrow [[bed]]s and planted with bulbous and tuberous rooted flowers, “each sort principally in separate [[bed]]s,” suggests this English florist tradition.

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 File:0016.jpg|Anonymous, ''Home of Richard Blow'', c. late 18th century.
-File:0056.jpg|[[John Bartram|John]] or [[William Bartram]], ''A Draught of John Bartram’s House and Garden as it appears from the River'', 1758. “New flower garden” upper left quadrant of the garden.
+File:0056.jpg|[[John Bartram|John]] or [[William Bartram]], "A Draught of John Bartram’s House and Garden as it appears from the River", 1758. “New '''flower garden'''” upper left quadrant of the garden.
 File:0048.jpg| John Nancarrow, ''Plan of the [[Seat]] of John Penn jun’r: Esqr: in Blockley Township and County of Philadelphia,'' c. 1785. The '''flower garden''', “g,” is located at some distance from the main house.