Conservatory - Revision history

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 File:1635.jpg|Robert B. Leuchars, “End [[View]] of an Ornamental '''Conservatory''',” in ''A Practical Treatise on the Construction, Heating, and Ventilation of [[Hothouse]]s'' (1850), frontispiece.
-File:1622.jpg|Anonymous, Gardens and Grounds of a Cottage Residence, ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 7. No. 5 (May 1, 1852), 233, fig. 102. "B. the '''conservatory''. . .'"
+File:1622.jpg|Anonymous, Gardens and Grounds of a Cottage Residence, ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 7. No. 5 (May 1, 1852), 233, fig. 102. "B. the '''conservatory'''. . ."
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← Older revision		Revision as of 13:02, April 1, 2021
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	File:1635.jpg\|Robert B. Leuchars, “End [[View]] of an Ornamental '''Conservatory''',” in ''A Practical Treatise on the Construction, Heating, and Ventilation of [[Hothouse]]s'' (1850), frontispiece.		File:1635.jpg\|Robert B. Leuchars, “End [[View]] of an Ornamental '''Conservatory''',” in ''A Practical Treatise on the Construction, Heating, and Ventilation of [[Hothouse]]s'' (1850), frontispiece.

		+	File:1622.jpg\|Anonymous, Gardens and Grounds of a Cottage Residence, ''Horticulturist,'' Vol. 7. No. 5 (May 1, 1852), 233, fig. 102. "B. the '''conservatory''. . .'"
	</gallery>		</gallery>

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 Citations of the terms afﬁrm their interchangeable nature. These references suggest no regional or chronological preference for one term over the other. If there was any nuance or difference in their usage, it was in references to a ﬁne house or structure with architectural pretensions. In these cases, the term “conservatory” seems to have been preferred over that of “[[greenhouse]],” which carried a less architectural and more utilitarian connotation. In his journal, the ''Horticulturist'', [[A. J. Downing]] offered many plans for villas and country houses with conservatories. It is interesting to note that in his presentation of house plans, the textual description of some examples used the term “conservatory.” Downing’s plans, however, were inscribed with the word “[[greenhouse]].” In another example, Downing was quite speciﬁc about the distinction between the conservatory and common [[greenhouse]], saying that the latter served to supply the former with plants only as they came into “perfection.” The result was that the conservatory was always ﬁlled with ﬂowers at the peak of bloom. This display of perennial blooms also led to the alternate name for the conservatory: winter garden. As collections became specialized, more speciﬁc terminology was used to describe the conservatory, such as pinery, grapery, or peachery.
-[[File:0043.jpg|thumb|left|Fig. 3, John Archibald Woodside, ''[[Lemon Hill]]'', 1807.]]
+[[File:0043_2.jpg|thumb|left|Fig. 3, John Archibald Woodside, ''[[Lemon Hill]]'', 1807.]]
 In America, the term “conservatory” was applied to a variety of structures including large free-standing buildings, sometimes as long as eighty feet. The term was used also to describe modest spaces of eight to ten feet square (which sometimes were called “plant cabinets”), connected to a main house.<ref> A relationship probably exists between the plant cabinet and the cabinet of curiosities, in which rare and exotic natural history specimens were collected, dating from the 16th and 17th century in Europe. See essays in Oliver Impey and Arthur MacGregor, eds., ''The Origins of Museums: The Cabinet of Curiosities in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Europe'' (Oxford: Clarendon, 1985), especially John Dixon Hunt’s essay, “Curiosities to Adorn Cabinets and Gardens,” 193–203, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/DENVV2B8 view on Zotero].</ref> Although most descriptions record structures that were rectilinear in plan and longer than they were wide, centrally planned conservatories were also constructed. The architectural style of these buildings usually was matched to that of the houses with which they were associated. For example, Louisa C. (Louisa Caroline) Tuthill in her book ''History of Architecture from the Earliest Times'' (1848) singled out for praise a large conservatory with a variety of Gothic windows adorning an Elizabethan villa in New Haven.
@@ Line 311: / Line 311: @@
 <gallery widths="170px" heights="170px" perrow="7">
-File:0043.jpg|John Archibald Woodside, ''[[Lemon Hill]]'', 1807.
+File:0043_2.jpg|John Archibald Woodside, ''[[Lemon Hill]]'', 1807.
 File:0050.jpg|Hugh Reinagle, ''[[Elgin Botanic Garden|Elgin Garden]] on Fifth Avenue'', c. 1812.

@@ Line 291: / Line 291: @@
 File:0394.jpg|Anonymous, “The '''Conservatory''',” [[Montgomery Place]], in [[A. J. Downing]], ed., ''Horticulturist'' 2, no. 4 (October 1847): 159, fig. 28.
-File:0393.jpg|Anonymous, “English [[Flower-Garden]],” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'' (1849), 434, fig. 78. “''c'', ''d'', are the flower-beds.”
+File:0393.jpg|Anonymous, “English [[Flower-Garden]],” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'' (1849), 434, fig. 78. "''b'',  the '''conservatory'''."
 File:0395.jpg|Anonymous, “Villa at Brooklyn, N.Y., with the '''Conservatory''' attached,” in [[A. J. Downing]], ''A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening'' (1849), 453, fig. 79. The conservatory is the room on the left with full length windows and plants inside.

@@ Line 318: / Line 318: @@
 File:0049.jpg|William Satchwell Leney after Hugh Reinagle, “[[View]] of the [[Elgin Botanic Garden|Botanic Garden]] of the State of New York,” in David Hosack, ''Hortus Elginensis'' (1811), frontispiece.
 File:0852.jpg|[[Alexander Jackson Davis]], “The '''Conservatory''',” [[Montgomery Place]], c. 1839.
@@ Line 343: / Line 345: @@
 File:1197.jpg|Robert Squibb, ''[[Green-House]]: front and back walls, in The Gardener's Calendar for the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia'' (1827), frontispiece.
 File:1645.jpg|Robert B. Leuchars, [[Orangery]] at Clifton Mansion, in ''A Practical Treatise on the Construction, Heating, and Ventilation of Hothouses'' (1850), fig. 14.

@@ Line 104: / Line 104: @@
 :“The '''conservatory''' is warmed by a hot water apparatus, constructed by Mr. Anderson, an engineer, of Brooklyn. It is neat in its appearance, (the pipes being made of cast iron and bronzed;) but we do not admire the pipes running above the [[border]]s. In our opinion there is no method so neat, and at the same time equally as well adapted for heat in all kinds of horticultural structures, as that of running the hot water pipes under the [[walk]]s, and allowing the heat to rise through a cast iron grating, or wooden trellis work.
 :“''Residence of ___ Perry, Esq.—'' . . . The '''conservatory''' here is heated on the same system as Mr. Becar’s, and the whole apparatus is precisely like his. The length and width of Mr. Perry’s '''conservatory''' is about the same as that of Mr. Becar’s; and the only superiority it possesses over his, is the facility with which it is entered from the parlor; adjoining immediately to the house, it is accessible at any moment during the day or evening. We noticed that elegant lamps were suspended in different parts of the '''conservatory'''; these, on many occasions, are lighted, and an evening [[promenade]], much more extensive than most city gardens afford even in the summer season, and certainly presenting to the eye a far richer display of blossoms, can here be enjoyed during the most inclement weather of our long winters. The advantages are so many and important, of having the [[green-house]] connected with the mansion, either through the library or parlor, that we have often wondered at their generally isolated situation. This is particularly the case around Boston, where there is scarcely a [[green-house]], certainly not one of any size or beauty, which connects with the living rooms to the dwelling house. We hope that those who are about erecting plant structures will bear this in mind.”
@@ Line 227: / Line 232: @@
 :“In many houses which are warmed throughout, the entrance is frequently appropriated to plants, and where it is feasible why may not a glass roof be substituted for the shingle or slate, thus affording the necessary vertical light? advance one step farther by giving a glass front and we have a [[green-house]]. . .
 :“The interior arrangement of this small '''conservatory''' can be ﬁxed to suit different tastes, but I should prefer any to the usual mode of a straight [[walk]] down the centre; for instance, the roof might be additionally supported by three or four slender [[pillar]]s up which might be trained Lophospermum, Acacia pubescens, Cobea scandens, Eccremocarpus scaber or other beautiful climbing plants.”

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:08, January 7, 2021
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	:". . . Attached to the garden is a [[greenhouse\|green-house]], [[hothouse\|hot-house]], and '''conservatory''' with a blank roof in the old style: this is made use of to preserve a number of large old lemons and orange trees."		:". . . Attached to the garden is a [[greenhouse\|green-house]], [[hothouse\|hot-house]], and '''conservatory''' with a blank roof in the old style: this is made use of to preserve a number of large old lemons and orange trees."
		+

	*[[Loudon, Jane]], 1845, ''Gardening for Ladies'' (1845: 166)<ref>Jane Loudon, ''Gardening for Ladies; and Companion to the Flower-Garden'', ed. A. J. Downing (New York: Wiley & Putnam, 1845), [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/3Q5GCH4I view on Zotero].</ref>		*[[Loudon, Jane]], 1845, ''Gardening for Ladies'' (1845: 166)<ref>Jane Loudon, ''Gardening for Ladies; and Companion to the Flower-Garden'', ed. A. J. Downing (New York: Wiley & Putnam, 1845), [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/3Q5GCH4I view on Zotero].</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, January 7, 2021
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	:“The interior arrangement of this small '''conservatory''' can be ﬁxed to suit different tastes, but I should prefer any to the usual mode of a straight [[walk]] down the centre; for instance, the roof might be additionally supported by three or four slender [[pillar]]s up which might be trained Lophospermum, Acacia pubescens, Cobea scandens, Eccremocarpus scaber or other beautiful climbing plants.”		:“The interior arrangement of this small '''conservatory''' can be ﬁxed to suit different tastes, but I should prefer any to the usual mode of a straight [[walk]] down the centre; for instance, the roof might be additionally supported by three or four slender [[pillar]]s up which might be trained Lophospermum, Acacia pubescens, Cobea scandens, Eccremocarpus scaber or other beautiful climbing plants.”

		+
		+	*Hovey, C. M. (Charles Mason), October 1839, “Some Remarks upon several Gardens and Nurseries in Providence, Burlington, (N.J.) and Baltimore,” describing ''Residence of Dr. T. Edmonson Jr.'' (''Magazine of Horticulture'' 5: 374)<ref>C. M. Hovey, “Some Remarks upon Several Gardens and Nurseries, in Providence, Burlington, (N.J.) and Balitmore,” ''Magazine of Horticulture, Botany, and All Useful Discoveries and Improvements in Rural Affairs'' 5, no. 10 (October 1839): 361–76, [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/N4I3HBZD view on Zotero].</ref>
		+
		+	:". . . Attached to the garden is a [[greenhouse\|green-house]], [[hothouse\|hot-house]], and '''conservatory''' with a blank roof in the old style: this is made use of to preserve a number of large old lemons and orange trees."

	*[[Loudon, Jane]], 1845, ''Gardening for Ladies'' (1845: 166)<ref>Jane Loudon, ''Gardening for Ladies; and Companion to the Flower-Garden'', ed. A. J. Downing (New York: Wiley & Putnam, 1845), [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/3Q5GCH4I view on Zotero].</ref>		*[[Loudon, Jane]], 1845, ''Gardening for Ladies'' (1845: 166)<ref>Jane Loudon, ''Gardening for Ladies; and Companion to the Flower-Garden'', ed. A. J. Downing (New York: Wiley & Putnam, 1845), [https://www.zotero.org/groups/54737/items/itemKey/3Q5GCH4I view on Zotero].</ref>

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 File:1059.jpg|[[Robert Mills]], ''Elevation of the South Front'' and ''Plan of the First Floor'', National Institute, February 1841.
-File:1151.jpg|Joseph C. Wells (attr.), Design for a Cottage for Henry C. Bowen, c. 1846.
+File:1151.jpg|Joseph Collins Wells, ''Design for a cottage for Henry C. Bowen, Esq. J. C. Wells Arch<sup>ct</sup>'', ca. 1846.
 File:1254.jpg|John Notman, ''No. 1 Ground Plan, Smithsonian Institute'', December 23, 1846.

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 <gallery widths="170px" heights="170px" perrow="7">
-File:0104.jpg|Joseph Jacques Ramée, Estate plan for Calverton, MD [detail], c. 1816, in ''Parcs & jardins'' (c. 1836), pl. 1.
+File:0104.jpg|Joseph Jacques Ramée, Estate plan for Calverton, (Baltimore, MD) [detail], c. 1816, in ''Parcs & jardins'' (c. 1836), pl. 1.
 File:1270.jpg|Solomon Drowne, ''[[Botanic Garden]], 1818'', 1818. The "'''conservatory'''" inscription can be found between the "shrubbery" and "college inclosure" inscriptions, to the left.